Ultrasound in gynecology: preparation, course and benefits of the examination
Ultrasound examination (US) is one of the most common examinations in gynecology to assess the condition of the female genital organs. It is performed for both diagnostic and preventive purposes. For patients, ultrasound is an important tool that allows them to detect many health problems at an early stage, which ensures quick and effective treatment. In this article, we will look at what an ultrasound in gynecology is, what types of ultrasound are available, and when it should be performed.
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Highlights
- Ultrasound is a precise diagnostic method that allows you to accurately assess the condition of the reproductive organs and identify possible abnormalities in the pelvic area.
- The examination is recommended both for preventive purposes and in case of gynecological complaints, such as pain or fertility problems.
- Transvaginal ultrasound is non-invasive, fast, and allows detecting diseases at early stages, significantly improving women's health.
What is gynecological ultrasound examination?
Ultrasound (ultrasonography) is an imaging method that uses high-frequency sound waves to create images of internal organs. In gynecology, this examination is extremely useful for diagnosing and monitoring the condition of the female genital organs, such as the uterus, ovaries, cervix, and fallopian tubes.
As a result of this examination, the doctor can obtain images of tissues and structures in the abdomen and pelvis. Ultrasound is non-invasive, painless, and safe, making it a very popular examination among patients.
Types of gynecological ultrasound examinations
In gynecology, there are several types of ultrasound that can be used depending on the indications and needs of the patient:
- Transabdominal ultrasound This is the most common type of ultrasound, during which the device's probe is applied to the skin surface in the lower abdomen. This examination helps to assess the size, shape and structure of the uterus and ovaries. It is performed with a full bladder, which makes it easier to obtain clearer images.
- Vaginal ultrasound In this case, the ultrasound transducer is inserted into the vagina. Transvaginal ultrasound provides a more detailed image of the internal organs, especially the ovaries, uterus and cervix. It is especially useful in diagnosing problems related to menstruation, pregnancy or diseases of the reproductive organs.
- 3D and 4D ultrasound These modern ultrasound techniques produce three-dimensional (3D) or even four-dimensional (4D) images. While they are most commonly used in obstetrics to assess fetal development, they can also be used in gynecology to more accurately visualize the pelvic organs.
Indications for gynecological ultrasound examination
Gynecological ultrasound is used for various diagnostic purposes, in particular:
- Evaluation of the structure of the reproductive organs - allows you to identify abnormalities in the structure of the uterus, ovaries and fallopian tubes.
- Diagnosis of uterine cysts, tumors and fibroids - allows you to identify benign and potentially malignant tumors.
- Monitoring the ovulatory cycle is especially important during the diagnosis of infertility and during hormone therapy.
- Assessment of the endometrium - helps in the diagnosis of abnormal bleeding.
- Pregnancy monitoring - allows you to assess the development of the fetus, the amount of amniotic fluid and identify possible congenital malformations.
- Diagnosis of pain in the lower abdomen - identifying the cause of pain, for example, inflammation of the reproductive organs or the presence of a cyst.
The course of the study
Gynecologic ultrasound usually takes a few to several minutes. During transabdominal ultrasound, the patient must have a full bladder, while during transvaginal ultrasound, the bladder must be emptied before the examination. The procedure is painless, although in some cases it may cause mild discomfort.
Preventive ultrasound examination
Regular preventive gynecological ultrasound is crucial for the early detection of diseases of the reproductive organs, such as cysts, fibroids or tumors. Experts recommend undergoing an examination at least once a year, especially for women of childbearing age and after menopause. Early diagnosis of many diseases increases the effectiveness of treatment and helps to avoid serious complications.
Preparation for transvaginal ultrasound examination
The preparation depends on the type of ultrasound.
- Transabdominal ultrasound: it is recommended to drink about 1 liter of water an hour before the examination to fill the bladder, which improves image quality.
- Transvaginal ultrasound: Before the examination, it is necessary to empty the bladder.
In both cases, it is recommended to wear comfortable clothing that facilitates access to the abdomen or pelvis.
Preparation for transvaginal ultrasound examination
Yes, ultrasound examination is absolutely safe, as it does not use ionizing radiation, only ultrasound waves. It can be performed repeatedly, including during pregnancy, without risk to the patient and the fetus.
Where can I undergo a transvaginal ultrasound examination?
Availability of gynecological ultrasound examination
Gynecological ultrasound is widely available in both public and private institutions. It can be performed in gynecological offices, medical centers and specialized clinics. In large cities, such as Warsaw, there are many places offering this service, so patients can choose the place and date themselves.
The National Health Service pays for this test, but a doctor’s referral may be required. In addition, many private clinics offer ultrasounds without a waiting list, which many women find convenient. Due to the wide availability of this examination, every woman can find the most convenient option for herself.
Bottom line
Gynecological ultrasound is a key diagnostic test that allows you to quickly detect abnormalities in the reproductive organs and monitor the course of pregnancy. Its regular performance can help in the early diagnosis of many diseases, which increases the effectiveness of treatment and improves the comfort of patients’ lives.
Do not wait for symptoms that may indicate serious health problems. Consult your doctor and undergo regular gynecological ultrasound examinations. Your health is worth it!
Frequently asked questions
Thus, gynecological ultrasound is considered a safe examination, since it does not use ionizing radiation, but only ultrasound waves. It can be performed repeatedly, including during pregnancy, without risk to the patient and the fetus.
Transvaginal ultrasound is usually painless. Some patients may feel a little discomfort when the transducer is inserted into the vagina, but this sensation is short-lived and mild. It is important to relax during the examination and inform the doctor about any unpleasant sensations.
Experts recommend performing preventive gynecological ultrasound at least once a year. Regular examinations allow you to detect possible abnormalities at an early stage and start treatment in a timely manner.
Preparation for transvaginal ultrasound is simple – it is recommended only to empty the bladder and maintain proper intimate hygiene during transvaginal ultrasound or to fill the bladder during transabdominal ultrasound.
Transvaginal ultrasound can be performed in gynecological offices, as well as in medical centers and clinics available in both the private and public sectors.
In public institutions that are part of the National Health Fund (NHF), a doctor’s referral is usually required. However, in private gynecological clinics, the examination can be performed without a referral.
